Protecting your home is always a top priority—but it’s even more important when hurricane season approaches. Unprotected windows are vulnerable to breakage from wind-borne debris, which can lead to water damage and pressure changes inside your house.
If you don’t have hurricane shutters, boarding up your windows is a good alternative. Properly installed plywood boards can reduce the risk of window damage and interior destruction. Our guide will walk you through the process to prepare for hurricane season.
Essential Tools and Materials for Boarding Up Windows
Before boarding up your windows, gather all the tools and materials you’ll need. Having everything on hand will make the job smoother and more efficient, especially when you’re working against the clock of an approaching storm.
Plywood Selection
Plywood is cheap, readily available, and easy to work with, making it a great option for boarding up windows. We recommend using 5/8-inch-thick, exterior-grade (CDX) plywood at a minimum. This type of plywood offers superior impact strength compared to oriented strand board (OSB). Make sure the plywood you buy is free from knots and warping to provide the best protection.
Fasteners and Hardware
Choosing the right fasteners is crucial for a secure installation. Opt for corrosion-resistant screws that are long enough to penetrate at least 2 inches into the framing. Galvanized pan-head or lag screws are a good choice, as their flat-bottomed heads won’t sink into and weaken the plywood. For masonry homes, we suggest 4-inch barrel bolts for fitting plywood inside window openings.
Safety Equipment
Safety should always be a priority when preparing for a hurricane. Essential safety equipment includes the following:
- Work gloves to protect your hands
- Safety glasses to shield your eyes from debris
- Dust masks to prevent inhalation of sawdust
- Sturdy shoes with non-slip soles
Preparing Your Windows for Boarding
Preparation can help your window boards remain securely fastened and effective against high winds.
Measuring Windows
Start by accurately measuring each window that needs protection. Jot down the width and height of the window opening, including the frame. Add at least an extra inch to each dimension to ensure the plywood extends beyond the window framing on all sides. This overlap is for a secure fit and better protection.
Marking Stud Locations
Identify and mark stud locations for proper board attachment. Look for nailheads in the siding to indicate stud positions. If these aren’t visible, you may need to probe with a drill and bit to locate the studs. Mark the studs closest to each side of and underneath the window. Plywood fastened only to trim or sheathing won’t provide adequate protection and may become a hazard in high winds.
Cutting and Preparing Plywood Panels
Once you’ve measured your windows and marked their stud locations, it’s time to cut and prepare your plywood panels.
Proper Cutting Techniques
Use a circular saw for straight cuts, and consider using a jigsaw for any curved cuts.
Labeling Panels for Easy Installation
After cutting, number each panel to indicate which opening it will cover. Add an arrow showing which end goes up. This simple step can save you time during installation—especially if you need to board up quickly as a storm approaches. If you plan to reuse the panels, consider priming and painting all surfaces and edges to protect them from decay.
Step-by-Step Window Boarding Process
With your materials prepared and windows measured, you’re ready to begin the boarding process. This is typically a two-person job.
Positioning the Plywood
Start by holding the plywood panel up against the window opening. Ensure it’s positioned correctly, with the labeled side facing out and the arrow pointing up. The panel should extend beyond the window frame on all sides by at least one inch.
Drilling Pilot Holes
While holding the plywood in place, drill pilot holes through it and into the framing every 16 inches. Each hole should be at least 1 inch away from the panel edge to prevent splitting. These pilot holes will guide your screws and make the installation process smoother.
Securing Panels with Screws
Using a cordless drill/driver or impact driver, drive the corrosion-resistant screws through the pilot holes and into the framing. Make sure each screw penetrates at least 2 inches into the framing for a secure hold. Work methodically around the panel, checking that all edges are firmly fastened.
Considerations for Different House Types
The boarding method can vary depending on your home’s construction.
Wood-Framed Houses
For wood-framed houses, the process is straightforward. Follow the steps outlined above, ensuring that screws are driven into the studs surrounding the window. This method provides a strong anchor for the plywood panels, making windows weathertight and resistant to high winds.
Masonry Houses
Masonry homes require a different approach. Instead of attaching the plywood to the exterior, fit the panels inside the window opening. Secure them with 4-inch barrel bolts spaced no more than 16 inches apart. Each bolt’s sliding shaft should fit into a hole drilled in the masonry, not the grout joint. This method provides a flush fit and protection against wind and debris.
Alternative Window Protection Methods
While plywood boarding is effective and economical, you can use other methods to protect your home during hurricane season.
Hurricane Shutters
Hurricane shutters are a more permanent solution for storm protection. They come in several styles, including roll-down and accordion-style. Exterior shutters are designed to withstand high winds and impact. Although more expensive than plywood, hurricane shutters can be set up quickly and offer more protection.
Impact-Resistant Windows
Impact-resistant windows are another alternative. These windows are designed to withstand high winds and flying debris without shattering. While they’re a significant investment, these windows offer year-round protection without the need for installation before each storm.
Maintaining and Storing Window Boards
If you properly maintain and store your plywood, you can extend its lifespan and reuse it whenever needed.
Cleaning and Inspecting Panels
After each use, clean your plywood panels and inspect them for any damage. Remove any dirt, debris, or moisture that could lead to warping or decay. Check for splits, cracks, or signs of rot, and replace any panels that show significant wear.
Proper Storage Techniques
If possible, store your plywood panels in a dry, climate-controlled area. Stack them flat to prevent warping, and place spacers between panels to allow air circulation. If you have to store them in an uncontrolled environment, consider covering them with a waterproof tarp to protect against moisture.
Quick-Install Methods for Frequent Storm Areas
For those living in areas frequently threatened by hurricanes, developing a quick-install system can save valuable time when a storm is approaching.
Using Hanger Bolts
During the off-season, install stainless-steel hanger bolts into the framing around your windows, spacing them every 16 inches. Drill matching holes in your plywood panels. When a storm approaches, you can quickly mount the panels and secure them with nuts and washers to significantly reduce installation time.
Pre-Drilling Techniques
Another time-saving technique is to pre-drill all necessary holes in your plywood panels. Mark the locations of studs and drill pilot holes in the panels during calm weather. This preparation allows for faster installation when a hurricane warning is issued.
Temporary Solutions for Broken Windows
If your window is broken and a storm is approaching, secure a plastic sheet to the window frame using duct tape. Make sure the window has a tight seal to prevent water intrusion.
When To Board Up
Begin boarding up your windows when a hurricane watch is issued for your area. This is typically 36–48 hours before the expected onset of tropical-storm-force winds. Starting early gives you enough time to secure your home without rushing.
Professional vs. DIY Window Boarding
Boarding up your windows is a simple DIY project, but some homeowners may prefer hiring a professional to do the job. Consider your skill level, available time, and home size.
Benefits of Professional Services
Professionals offer expertise, efficiency, and peace of mind. They have the necessary tools and experience to quickly and securely board up your windows. This option is beneficial for those with large homes, multiple stories, or limited mobility.
Benefits of DIY
If a storm is quickly approaching, you may not have time to call a professional. The DIY approach is cost-effective and gives you the flexibility to customize your protection based on your needs. However, it requires time, effort, and a certain level of skill to ensure proper installation.
Removing Boards Safely After the Storm
Once the storm has passed, you can remove the boards. Wait until authorities declare it safe to venture outside. Use caution when removing screws, as they may have become tight or stripped during the storm. Inspect your windows for any damage that may have occurred despite the window protection.
Additional Considerations for Coastal Residents
Residents living in coastal areas often face more frequent and severe hurricanes than those inland. Coastal residents should pay extra attention to their hurricane preparation strategies.
Reinforced Roofing
Your roofing system is another area to reinforce for hurricane season. Consider reinforcing your roof with hurricane straps or clips. These devices help to secure the roof to the structure of your home, reducing the likelihood of roof failure caused by high winds.
Emergency Kits
Hurricane emergency kits should contain essential items such as potable water, non-perishable food, a first-aid kit, flashlights with extra batteries, and emergency contact information. Keep these items in a waterproof container.
Our Conclusion
The next time hurricane season rolls around, follow this guide to board up your windows. Taking this step will protect your property against hurricane-force winds and rain. Preparation is key to minimizing damage and ensuring the safety of your home and family.