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5 Types of Plumbing Pipes
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The plumbing pipes that carry water to your kitchen faucet or drain waste to your sewage system have evolved over the years. The galvanized iron or steel pipes that were a staple of in-home plumbing in the early 1900s have given way to more advanced plumbing solutions, such as polyvinyl chloride piping (PVC) and polyethylene cross-linked (PEX) piping.
In this guide, we break down the most common plumbing pipes you can find in your home.
5 Types of Plumbing Pipes
1. PVC Pipes
PVC is a plumbing pipe known for its versatility, lightweight build, and blockage resistance. PVC piping is generally used as part of a sink, toilet, or shower drain line, though it’s sometimes used as a home’s main water supply pipe.
Pros and Cons of PVC Pipes
Read More: How to Identify PVC Pipes and Fittings
2. PEX Pipes
PEX is an affordable plastic plumbing solution that can withstand both hot and cold water and is commonly used for water supply lines.
Pros and Cons of PEX Pipes
3. ABS Pipes
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) piping is a type of plastic piping that’s similar to PVC and distinguishable by its black color. Known for its long lifespan, ABS is used only for drain and waste piping.
Pros and Cons of ABS Pipes
4. Copper Pipes
Copper piping can last for 50 years and is the standard hard pipe within the plumbing industry. It’s able to withstand high water pressure and comes in various grades of thickness, separated into two categories: rigid and flexible copper pipes.
A rigid copper pipe is typically used for water supply lines, whereas flexible copper pipes are used in tight spaces where the malleable copper can bend.
Pros and Cons of Copper Pipes
5. Cast Iron and Galvanized Piping
Although cast iron and galvanized piping are rarely installed in new construction homes, you may have these pipes if you have an older home that was built in the early 20th century. Cast iron pipes are still used today for parts of water distribution systems.
Pros and Cons of Cast Iron Pipes
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FAQ About Plumbing Pipes
What are the different types of pipes used in plumbing?
The most common plumbing pipes you’ll find inside a home are PVC, PEX, ABS, copper, or galvanized steel pipe.
How often does plumbing need to be replaced?
The frequency at which you need to replace pipes is based on the pipe material used. Brass, cast iron, and galvanized steel have a lifespan of up to 100 years, copper can last over 50 years, and PEX and PVC usually last around 50 years.
If you live in a newer home, you probably don’t have to worry about replacing your pipes—however, if you live in an older home, consider having your plumbing system checked every two years to ensure it’s holding up.
What causes plumbing pipes to vibrate?
Pipes vibrate due to what’s called the “hammer” effect. This happens when water is abruptly turned off, resulting in the thumping and vibrating sound heard throughout the house.
Are PVC pipes safe for drinking water?
PVC pipes meet the American National Standard Institute’s standards for drinkable water, but there are concerns that the pipes release chemicals into the water. One of these chemicals is polyvinyl chloride, which could cause respiratory and reproductive problems.
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