Handsaws are essential tools for do-it-yourselfers (DIYers) and professional carpenters. With their versatility and precision, these manual cutting tools can tackle a wide range of projects, from simple home repairs to intricate woodworking. Understanding the different types of handsaws and their specific uses helps you pick the right tool for your job. In the video above, This Old House general contractor Tom Silva demonstrates various handsaws and their applications, offering valuable insights for both beginners and experienced craftsmen.
Types of Handsaws and Their Uses
Handsaws come in various shapes and sizes, each designed for specific cutting tasks. Here’s an overview of the most common types and their applications.
Hacksaw
A hacksaw is best for cutting metal. Tom explains that hacksaws can cut through various materials, including copper, aluminum, and steel. These saws typically feature a C-shaped frame that holds a thin, replaceable blade.
Key features of hacksaws include:
- Adjustable blade tension
- Interchangeable blades with different tooth counts
- Ability to cut both thick and thin materials
To change a hacksaw blade, loosen the tension on the bow, adjust the bow size if necessary, and insert the new blade with the teeth facing away from the handle. Tighten the wing nut at the end to secure the blade in place.
Jab Saw
Also known as a drywall saw, a jab saw is designed for cutting through drywall and other soft materials. It features a sharp, pointed tip that allows you to easily pierce drywall and start cutting.
To use a jab saw:
- Mark the area you need to cut
- Position the sharp tip on the marked spot
- Push the saw through the material with a firm thrust
- Cut along the marked lines using a back-and-forth motion
Jab saws are particularly useful for creating openings for electrical outlets or other fixtures in drywall. Their unique design makes them indispensable when precision is crucial.
Flush-Cut Saw
A flush-cut saw is designed for trimming protruding dowels, screws, or other fasteners flush with the surface of the material. These saws typically have a flexible blade that can sit flat against the surface, allowing for precise cuts without damaging the surrounding area.
Some flush-cut saws feature reversible handles, enabling you to work from different angles or in tight spaces. This tool is particularly beneficial when dealing with carpentry details that need a flawless finish.
Pull Saw
Pull saws, also known as Japanese-style saws, cut on the pull stroke rather than the push stroke. This design allows for more control and precision, making them ideal for fine woodworking tasks.
Tom shows a double-edge pull saw with a flexible blade that you can use for various applications, including making precise cuts in tight spaces, trimming baseboards, and undercutting door casings for flooring installation.
Coping Saw
A coping saw is designed for making intricate curved cuts in wood and other materials. It features a thin, flexible blade held in tension by a U-shaped frame. Coping saws are particularly useful for creating detailed molding joints and cutting intricate patterns.
When using a coping saw, remember that it cuts on the pull stroke, not the push stroke. This tool’s unique ability to handle curves and patterns makes it a favorite among woodworkers engaged in detailed designs.
Miter Saw and Miter Box
A miter saw, also called a backsaw, pairs with a miter box to make precise angled cuts. This combination is ideal for cutting molding, trim, and other materials at specific angles.
A typical miter box allows for 90-degree straight cuts, 45-degree left and right cuts, and various other angle options.
While time-consuming compared to power tools, a manual miter saw and box give you excellent control and precision for smaller projects.
Traditional Handsaw
The classic handsaw is a versatile tool for making straight cuts in wood. These saws come with different tooth configurations for various cutting tasks:
- Crosscut saws: Optimized for cutting across the grain
- Rip-cut saws: Designed for cutting along the grain of the wood
The number of teeth per inch (TPI) determines the fineness of the cut. Generally, more teeth result in a smoother cut but slower cutting speed. For example, an 8-TPI saw is coarser and better suited for rip cuts, while a 12-TPI saw provides a finer finish for crosscuts. Traditional handsaws are often the go-to tool for general carpentry work.
Proper Handsaw Technique
Using a handsaw effectively requires proper technique and body positioning. Tom stresses the importance of aligning your body correctly in relation to the saw:
- Position your shoulder and hand in line with the saw blade
- Stand directly in front of the cut line
- Start the cut with a gentle pull stroke
- Allow the weight of the saw to do the work
- Maintain a steady, rhythmic motion throughout the cut
By following these guidelines, you’ll achieve straighter, more accurate cuts and reduce fatigue during extended use.
Choosing the Right Handsaw for Your Project
Selecting the appropriate handsaw for your task will give you the best results. Consider the following factors when choosing a saw:
- Material you’re cutting (wood, metal, drywall, etc.)
- Precision you need for the job
- Type of cut you need (straight, curved, flush, etc.)
- Your level of experience with hand tools
For example, if you’re working on a delicate woodworking project that needs intricate cuts, a coping saw or pull saw will be your best option. For general carpentry tasks, a traditional handsaw with the appropriate TPI for your cutting needs would be suitable.
Our Conclusion
Handsaws are indispensable tools for any woodworking or home improvement project. By knowing the various types of handsaws and their specific uses, you can choose the right tool for your needs and achieve professional-quality results. With proper technique and maintenance, these versatile hand tools will make your carpentry work more efficient and of higher quality.
