How to Maintain Your Snow Blower for Peak Performance

A well-maintained snow blower can be a lifesaver during harsh winter storms, a way to ensure your driveway and walkways remain clear and safe for your friends and family. Regular maintenance not only extends the life of your machine but also guarantees it will start reliably when you need it most. In this guide, we’ll explore snow blower maintenance tips to keep your machine running smoothly all winter. In the video above, This Old House landscape contractor Roger Cook demonstrates key steps to ensure your snow blower is ready for action when the next storm hits.

Understanding Snow Blower Types

Before diving into maintenance, you should first take note of the different types of snow blowers and which kind you have sitting in your garage. Each type has unique maintenance requirements and capabilities.

Electric Snow Blowers

Electric snow blowers are ideal for small areas and light snowfall. They require minimal maintenance compared to gas-powered models. Electric snowblowers: 

• Need no fuel or oil changes
• Are lightweight and easy to store
• Are best for small walkways, decks, and short driveways
• Can be limited by cord length or battery life

Single-Stage Gas Snow Blowers

Single-stage gas snow blowers are suitable for moderate snowfall and medium-sized areas. These snowblowers: 

• Are more powerful than electric models
• Require regular fuel and oil maintenance
• Are ideal for clearing up to eight inches of snow
• Are best for paved surfaces

Two-Stage Gas Snow Blowers

Two-stage gas snow blowers are designed for heavy snowfall and larger areas. These machines:

• Are the most powerful option for residential use
• Can handle deep snow and icy conditions
• Are suitable for gravel driveways and uneven surfaces
• Require more extensive maintenance

Maintenance Tasks for Snowblowers

Proper maintenance is crucial for keeping your snow blower in top condition. Here are the key tasks to perform regularly:

Fuel Management

Proper fuel management is critical for gas-powered snow blowers. Use high-octane fuel and treat it with a stabilizer to prevent ethanol issues. For long-term storage, either run the engine dry or use ethanol-free fuel.

Oil Changes

Regular oil changes are essential for gas-powered models to ensure efficient and reliable operation. Check oil levels before each use, and change oil at the beginning of each season or after 25 hours of use. Dispose of old oil properly at a recycling center.

Spark Plug Maintenance

A clean spark plug ensures easy starting and efficient operation. This simple component is crucial to your snow blower’s performance. Inspect the spark plug annually and replace it if the electrode appears worn or carbon-coated. Set the correct gap according to the manufacturer’s specifications.

Air Filter Maintenance

Clean air filters ensure your snow blower’s engine receives the airflow necessary for optimal performance. Check the air filter every season or after 25 hours of use, and clean or replace the air filter as needed. Ensure the air filter cover is secured tightly to prevent debris from entering.

Lubrication and Moving Parts for Snowblowers

Keeping moving parts well-lubricated is crucial for smooth operation and preventing wear. Regular lubrication prevents parts from freezing or rusting, ensuring the machine runs efficiently.

• Apply lubricant to all moving parts, including the chute, auger, and control cables
• Use a silicone-based spray for plastic parts to prevent freezing
• Grease wheel bearings and axles annually

Cables and Controls

Cables and controls also ensure your snow blower operates as intended. Always inspect these components for wear and damage.

• Check cables for frays or kinks
• Ensure controls move smoothly and freely
• Adjust or replace cables as needed

Snowblower Belt and Shear Pin Inspection

Belts and shear pins are critical components that require regular checks. These parts are vital for the functioning of the machine and can prevent larger, costly damages when maintained properly.

• Inspect belts for signs of wear or cracking
• Keep spare belts on hand for quick replacements
• Check shear pins before each use and replace if broken
• Store extra shear pins in the designated compartment on the machine

Belt Tension

Proper belt tension is crucial for effective operation. Belts that are too loose can slip, while overly tight belts can cause wear on the pulleys and other components. Adjust belt tension according to the user manual and inspect tension periodically. Replace belts that have lost their elasticity.

Snowblower Auger and Impeller Maintenance

The auger and impeller are responsible for moving snow through the machine. Keeping these parts in top condition ensures the snow blower operates effectively.

• Inspect the auger for damage or bent blades
• Check the impeller for proper alignment and balance
• Clean out any debris or ice buildup after each use
• Apply rust-preventative spray to metal parts at the end of the season

Clearing Blockages

Blockages in the auger or impeller can cause equipment failure. It is essential to address blockages immediately to avoid damage to these components.

• Turn off the snow blower and disconnect the spark plug
• Use the provided clean-out tool to remove any blockages
• Avoid using your hands to clear blockages

Tire and Track Maintenance for a Snowblower

Proper traction is needed for effective snow removal, especially in icy and uneven conditions. Ensuring your tires or tracks are in good condition will improve performance and prevent accidents. For wheeled models, check tire pressure regularly. For track-driven models, inspect the tracks for wear or damage. Clean and dry tires or tracks after each use to prevent rust. 

Traction Enhancers

Enhancers such as chains or grips can improve the snow blower’s traction on slippery surfaces.

• Install wheel chains on wheeled models for better traction
• Use grip enhancements recommended by the manufacturer
• Regularly inspect and maintain traction enhancers

Storage and Off-Season Care for Snowblowers

Proper storage is crucial for maintaining your snow blower during the off-season. Correct storage practices can extend the life of the machine and ensure it starts up without issues for the next winter season.

• Clean the machine thoroughly before storage
• Apply a light coat of oil to metal parts to prevent rust
• Store in a dry, covered area away from the elements
• Remove or disconnect the battery for electric start models

Stabilizing the Machine

Ensuring the snow blower remains in good condition during storage will make it easier to get it back running effectively when needed. Elevate the snow blower to avoid flat spots on the tires. Cover the machine with a breathable cover to prevent moisture build-up, and be sure to periodically check on the storage area for pests.

Safety Considerations When Using or Maintaining a Snowblower

Safety should always be a top priority when operating and maintaining a snow blower. Here are some important safety tips to always keep in mind: 

• Always disconnect the spark plug wire before performing maintenance
• Use the provided clean-out tool to remove clogs, never your hands
• Wear appropriate safety gear, including ear protection and gloves
• Keep children and pets away from the machine during operation

Safe Operation

Be sure to read the user manual thoroughly and perform a safety check before each use. Never operate the machine without all guards and shields in place.

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