Whether your roof isn’t ideal for solar panels or you simply want to maximize your energy production, ground-mounted solar panels offer a versatile solution. They’re easier to install and maintain than roof-mounted panels, and they can catch more sunlight than rooftop installations. Our guide explains the pros and cons of ground-mounted solar panels so you can decide if they’re the right choice for your home.

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What Are Ground-Mounted Solar Panels?

Ground-mounted solar panels are mounted on frames or poles and are securely anchored to the ground instead of a roof. This setup makes them a more versatile and efficient alternative to rooftop systems. Ground-mounted solar panels work particularly well for properties with lots of open space. 

How Do They Work?

Like rooftop systems, ground-mounted solar energy systems harness the sun’s power through photovoltaic (PV) cells. These cells link together in modules, which then connect to form an array large enough to power your home.

PV cells have a semiconductive layer that absorbs sunlight and uses its energy to generate electricity. This direct current flows along metal lines to an inverter that changes it into the alternating current needed to power your home. Excess energy either flows into the electric grid or into solar batteries that store it for later use.

Types of Ground-Mounted Solar Panels

You can choose from three main types of residential ground-mounted solar panel systems:

• Pole-mounted panels: Pole-mounted solar systems elevate panels above any ground obstructions, such as dense vegetation. This setup is more expensive than other types but is more compatible with dual-axis or single-axis solar tracking systems.
• Solar carports: Solar carports suspend panels high enough to shelter vehicles and electric vehicle charging stations. These double-duty systems can sit over parking lots or driveways to conserve space, but they cost more than other systems. 
• Standard ground mounts: Standard ground-mounted solar panels are the simplest and most cost-effective option. These systems include small anchors that support a table-like steel framework. This framework can tilt for optimal sun exposure.

Your property and budget will dictate which ground-mounted solar array is best for you.

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Ground-Mounted Solar Panel Advantages

Ground-mounted solar power systems are particularly effective in large properties. Here are some key additional benefits:

• Easier installation and maintenance: Installing, cleaning, and maintaining solar arrays that are anchored to the ground is much easier and safer than installing, cleaning, and maintaining those that are anchored to a roof. 
• Home value and tax incentives: Installing a solar system can increase your home’s value by 4.1% or more, according to Zillow. United States homeowners may qualify for the federal solar tax credit or more local incentives.
• More flexibility: Ground-mounted systems offer more flexibility with panel placement. Plus, you can easily add panels if your energy needs increase in the future.
• Natural cooling and higher efficiency: Ground-mounted systems offer more space between PV systems and their bases. This allows for better airflow and keeps modules cooler and more efficient.
• No roof penetration: The installation process for ground-mounted panels doesn’t require drilling into the roof, so there is no risk of structural damage.
• Agrovoltaic potential: With proper planning, the land used for a ground-mounted array can serve a dual purpose. Agrovoltaic installations incorporate shade-tolerant crops, pollinator-friendly habitats, or even grazing for small livestock beneath and around the panels.
• Higher potential output: You can adjust the tilt angle of ground-mounted panels to maximize their sun exposure. Many systems also have solar tracking capabilities, which means the panels can automatically adjust their tilt angles throughout the day to follow the sun.

The sunflower-inspired solar panels featured in the video below are one example of a ground-mounted system that automatically adjusts its tilt and orientation throughout the day. Renewable energy expert Jim Gordon explains that these robotic flower solar panels produce 40% more energy than a fixed-array system by following the sun.

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Ground-Mounted Solar Panel Disadvantages

The key disadvantages of ground-mounted solar panels include higher cost and difficulty of installation. Below are all the drawbacks.

• Aesthetic impact: Ground-mounted systems are larger and more visible than rooftop installations and will stick out in residential areas.
• Higher up-front cost: Ground-mounted solar panels are more expensive to install than roof-mounted solar panels. The heavy machinery and additional workforce required for installation may also drive up labor costs.
• Permitting issues: Obtaining a permit for a ground-mounted solar installation can be particularly complicated. These installations are independent construction projects because they involve freestanding structures, and they usually come with stricter zoning regulations.
• Risk of damage: Ground-mounted panels are more susceptible to theft, vandalism, and accidental damage, and animals can damage wires or panels. You can protect your system with a fence, but that will increase overall costs.
• Space requirements: Each ground-mounted solar panel takes up about 18 square feet of space, and you’ll need between 15 and 25 panels, depending on your household energy consumption. That means your system can occupy nearly 450 square feet of space you cannot use for other purposes.
• Environmental impact: Installing a large ground-mounted solar array might involve altering the land, which could have a minor ecological impact. However, you may be able to offset this with agrovoltaics.

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How Much Do Ground Mounted Solar Panels Cost?

Solar panels cost an average of $3.40 per watt in 2023, according to the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA). That works out to $17,000 for a 5-kilowatt (kW) system, $24,480 for a 7.2-kW system, and $28,900 for an 8.5-kW system.

Ground-mounted solar panels usually cost more than rooftop panels, but the exact cost of your system depends on a variety of factors, including the following:

• Installation and labor: Systems that require extensive ground preparation, custom racking, or heavy machinery will cost more to install. Labor fees vary by company and geographic location.
• Materials: Pricing varies by brand and product. Higher-quality panels, adjustable racking systems, integrated storage, and other features add to the cost. 
• Permits and tax incentives: Local permitting requirements, interconnection fees, and tax incentives will affect your overall price.
• System size and capacity: Larger systems with higher capacities will cost more because of the number of solar panels and supporting infrastructure required.
• System type: A pole-mounted system with dual-axis tracking capabilities will cost more than a fixed system mounted directly on the ground. Whether your system connects to the grid also affects the overall cost, and hybrid or off-grid solar systems cost more.

The up-front cost might seem steep, but homeowners who invest in solar panels consistently find them worth the cost, some of which can be offset by state and federal tax credits. When we surveyed homeowners in August 2022, 94.6% of respondents said installing solar panels was worth it. The majority were very satisfied with their solar panels and said the transition to solar reduced their energy bills.

We recommend getting free quotes from multiple solar companies before committing to a solar panel installation project. Weigh each company’s product and payment options and consider all potential energy savings. The most efficient solar panels cost more up-front but pay for themselves more quickly. 

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Are Ground Mounted Solar Panels Right for My Project?

Determining whether ground-mounted solar panels are right for you is a matter of personal preference and property variables. Below are situations in which you should strongly consider ground-mounted panels. 

• You don’t have a south-facing roof. Roofs that face east, west, or north may not capture enough sunlight to meet your energy needs.
• You have ample unshaded land. You can maximize your energy production with ground-mounted panels if you own a large amount of land that receives plenty of sunlight.
• You hate the look of roof-mounted panels. Some homeowners simply prefer the look of ground-mount panels. 
• You need more energy than your roof can provide. Consider installing ground-mounted panels if your existing rooftop panels don’t generate enough energy.
• You want to avoid roof penetration. Ground-mounted systems eliminate the risk of roof damage from a solar installation.
• Your roof is in the shade. You may need to find a sunnier location if towering trees or buildings keep your roof in the shade.
• Your roof is otherwise unsuitable. The type, pitch, age, and condition of your roof might make it unsuitable for solar panels. 
• You’re worried about maintenance. Regular cleaning and maintenance can extend the life of your solar panels, and a ground-mount system is much easier to access.

Schedule a consultation with a reputable solar installation company if you’re unsure which type of solar system to choose. An experienced technician can calculate your energy needs and recommend the best product and placement for your household.

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Our Conclusion

Ground-mounted solar panels offer a flexible and efficient alternative to rooftop solar arrays. They’re also easier to maintain and scale than rooftop panels. A ground-mounted system with solar tracking capabilities costs more upfront and takes up a significant amount of space, but it’s more efficient than a fixed array. We recommend consulting with a solar professional to make an informed decision tailored to your situation and property.

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FAQ About Ground-Mounted Solar Panels

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