If you own an old house, you already know the satisfaction of having something that’s one of a kind. Unlike new and manufactured materials, reclaimed lumber salvaged from old structures can add character to your home renovation projects and make them more sustainable.
“[Old wood] has an age and character that cannot be mimicked,” says Chad Beatty, vice president of Elmwood Reclaimed Timber. “It likely grew in a natural environment where it had to fight for nutrients and sun, making the wood strong and durable.”
Sourcing and using reclaimed wood requires more legwork than just stopping at a home center for lumber, but our Cambridge, Massachusetts, project house (shown above) highlights the unique beauty it can bring to a renovation.
Where To Find Reclaimed Lumber
If you’re after quality and authenticity, you need to find the right reclaimed lumber source. Here are some places to start your search.
Local Reclamation Yards
Reclamation yards specialize in salvaging and selling materials from demolished buildings. They often have various types of reclaimed wood and can be an excellent source for unique pieces with tons of character.
Salvage Companies
Specialized salvage companies focus on recovering and processing reclaimed wood. They often provide high-quality, treated lumber ready for immediate use in your project. They’re a good option for those seeking specific types or large quantities of wood. We recommend researching local companies and reading reviews to find a reputable salvage company near you.
Online Marketplaces
If local options don’t have what you need, many online platforms connect buyers with sellers of reclaimed lumber. These marketplaces may offer a broader selection, but you’ll also need to more carefully vet the sellers and their products.
Evaluating the Quality of Reclaimed Wood
When buying reclaimed lumber, you must confirm its quality will meet your project needs. We recommend evaluating the following factors:
- Assessing wood condition: Examine the wood for signs of wear, checking for structural integrity and aesthetic appeal. Some weathering can add character, but excessive damage may compromise the wood’s usability. Look for cracks, splits, and other defects that may indicate structural weaknesses.
- Checking for pests and rot: Inspect the wood thoroughly for signs of insect infestation or rot. Reputable dealers should have already treated the wood, but it’s important to verify this before buying. Termites and other pests can severely damage wood, making it unsuitable for use. Rot also weakens the wood structurally, so checking that the wood is in good condition is an important safety precaution.
- Understanding wood grades: Reclaimed wood is graded based on its appearance and structural integrity. Familiarize yourself with grading systems to make sure you’re getting the quality you need for your project. In general, higher grades of wood have fewer defects and a more uniform appearance.
Types of Reclaimed Lumber
Reclaimed lumber comes from various sources, each offering unique characteristics. Below are some of the most common sources.
Barn Wood
Many homeowners like barn wood for its rustic appearance and features such as nail holes, knots, and weathered patina. It’s popular for flooring, wall paneling, and furniture. This type of wood embodies the charm and history of old farming structures and adds a unique touch to any project.
Factory Beams
Beams from old factories and warehouses typically feature dense, old-growth timber. They’re ideal for structural elements or statement pieces in modern interiors. These beams add an industrial feel to your home or renovation project, providing solid support and a unique aesthetic.
Wine and Whiskey Barrels
Wood from decommissioned barrels showcases rich colors and unique patterns. It’s often used for flooring, accent walls, or custom furniture pieces. With its deep hues and history, this wood can bring a distinct depth to your project.
Reclaimed Flooring
Reclaimed flooring can come from various sources, including old homes, gymnasiums, or even bowling alleys. Each type offers distinct characteristics and history. This type of flooring often includes a mix of wood species, bringing a rich and varied appearance to your space.
Siding and Paneling
Siding and paneling reclaimed from old buildings can add a vintage charm. These weathered materials often have a unique patina you can’t reproduce in new materials.
Factors To Consider When Buying Reclaimed Lumber
Several factors should influence your decision when buying reclaimed wood
Cost Considerations
Reclaimed lumber prices vary widely based on the wood type, quality, and rarity. Generally, expect reclaimed wood to cost twice as much as an equivalent amount of new lumber. Prices fluctuate based on the source and the amount of preparation the wood has undergone.
Factor in additional costs for any treatments or processing you’ll need.
Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Using reclaimed wood reduces the demand for new timber, helping to preserve forests. Factor in the environmental benefits when weighing the cost against new lumber. By choosing reclaimed timber, you support sustainable practices and contribute to the conservation of natural resources.
Authenticity and History
The story behind reclaimed wood can add significant value to your project. As Beatty notes, “It has its own history. How many people do you know who have olive oil barrels on the outside of their houses?”
The unique backstory of each piece can enhance your project, making it a conversation starter and adding personal significance.
Preparing Reclaimed Wood for Use
Reclaimed wood has to be prepped before it’s ready for your project. Here’s an overview of the process:
Cleaning and Treating
Reclaimed wood needs to undergo a thorough cleaning and treatment to remove dirt, debris, and potential pests. This helps preserve the wood’s integrity and makes it safe for indoor use. Use appropriate cleaners and treatments to avoid damaging the wood.
Kiln Drying Process
Kiln drying is a critical step in preparing reclaimed wood. Beatty explains, “Reclaimed wood has been air-drying for probably 150 years. The problem there is you’ll get (natural) inconsistencies in the wood—it warps and bends.”
Kiln drying helps stabilize the wood, stave off future warping, improve its durability, and eliminate any remaining moisture or pests.
Milling and Finishing
After cleaning and drying, you may need to mill the lumber to get your desired dimensions and smoothness. Finishing processes can enhance the wood’s natural beauty and provide additional protection. Sanding, staining, and sealing the wood bring out its unique features while protecting it from wear and tear.
Legal and Ethical Considerations of Buying Reclaimed Lumber
When buying reclaimed lumber, it’s important to understand these legal and ethical aspects.
Sourcing Documentation
Reputable dealers should provide documentation on the wood’s origin and any treatment it’s undergone. This information tells you the wood was legally sourced and processed according to industry standards.
Certifications To Look For
Look for certifications from organizations like the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), which further verify the sustainable sourcing of reclaimed wood. These certifications verify that the wood meets environmental and ethical standards to support responsible forestry practices.
Working With Reclaimed Wood Dealers
Do some preliminary research at home to seek out reputable and transparent dealers. Be wary of dealers who can’t provide clear answers about their wood’s origin or treatment processes. We also advise being suspicious of dealers who don’t guarantee their products, have unrealistic prices compared to other bids, or lack professionalism, such as shoddy paperwork or improper billing.
Here are some questions to ask a dealer when vetting:
- Are there any additional fees for processing or delivery?
- Do you offer customization or milling services?
- Can you provide samples before purchase?
- Has it been treated for pests and mold?
- What grading system do you use?
- What is the wood’s moisture content?
- Where does the wood come from?
Using reclaimed wood may require more effort than buying new lumber, but the results are often worth it. As proven in our Cambridge house remodel project, reclaimed wood can create stunning features while imparting your home with a bit of history.