How To Install Your Own Security System

Installing a home security system is an effective way to protect your property and loved ones. Many modern systems are wireless and designed for easy do-it-yourself installation. This guide walks you through setting up your own security system. You can follow along with Kevin O’Connor from This Old House as he installs a wireless alarm system in the video above.

Pro Tip: DIY alarm systems are wireless and battery operated, so you won’t need to budget for an electrician or hardwiring. As Kevin explained on This Old House, the components “work off lithium ion batteries and you probably only have to change them once every five years”—keeping long-term maintenance costs minimal.

Components of a DIY Security System

A DIY security system typically includes the following components.

Base Station

The base station serves as the central hub of your security system. It communicates with all other components and often includes a built-in siren. Here are some tips for choosing a location for your base station:

• Select a central area of your home.
• Make sure it’s within range of your Wi-Fi router.
• Place it near an electrical outlet for power.

Entry Sensors

Entry sensors detect unauthorized access through doors and windows. These sensors consist of two parts: a magnet and a sensor containing a battery. When installing entry sensors, keep the following in mind:

• Place the sensor on the door or window frame.
• Attach the magnet to the moving part of the door or window.
• Check that the two pieces align when the door or window is closed.

Motion Detectors

Motion detectors add an extra layer of security by sensing movement within a specific area. Follow these guidelines when installing your motion detectors:

• Place them in high-traffic areas or entry points.
• Mount them at a height of 6–8 feet for better coverage.
• Avoid pointing them at heat sources or windows to prevent false alarms.

Control Panel or Keypad

The control panel or keypad allows you to arm and disarm your system. When choosing where to put the control panel, follow this advice:

• Choose a location near your main entry point.
• Make sure it’s easily accessible for quick arming and disarming.
• Mount it at a comfortable height for all household members.

Security System Installation Process

Installing a DIY security system is a straightforward process that most homeowners can complete in a few hours. Follow these steps to set up your system:

1. Unpack and organize all components.
2. Install the base station in a central location.
3. Mount entry sensors on doors and windows.
4. Place motion detectors in strategic locations.
5. Install the control panel or keypad near the main entry.
6. Set up additional components such as cameras or smoke detectors.
7. Connect the system to your home’s Wi-Fi network.
8. Test all components for proper functionality.

When installing entry sensors on doors and windows, keep in mind that each sensor has two parts: one side contains a battery and the other is a magnet. When the two halves are lined up and within two inches of each other, a connection is made—that means everything is secure. When the connection is broken, it trips the alarm. Install one half on the door jamb and the other half on the door itself. You can screw them in by removing the back plate, but most systems also include double-sided tape for a tool-free installation.

Programming and Testing Your Security System

Once all components are installed, program and test your security system with these steps:

1. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to set up user codes.
2. Program emergency contact information.
3. Configure notification settings for your smartphone.
4. Test each component individually for proper functionality.
5. Perform a full system test by arming and triggering the alarm.

Enhancing Security with Environmental Sensors

Environmental sensors further protect your home from potential damage caused by environmental factors. Here are some types of sensors you can install:

• Glass break sensors: These sensors detect the sound of breaking glass and trigger the alarm. They effectively deter intruders who attempt to bypass entry sensors by breaking windows. Place them near windows or glass doors. Make sure they cover the maximum area for the best results.
• Temperature sensors: Temperature sensors can alert you to extreme temperature changes that might indicate a fire or HVAC failure. Place them in areas where temperature fluctuations can cause significant damage, such as near furnaces or freezers.
• Water leak sensors: These sensors notify you of potential leaks and water damage. They are especially useful in areas prone to flooding or leaks. Place sensors near water heaters, sinks, or basements. Connect them to the main security system for instant alerts.

Pro Tip: Richard, the plumber on Ask This Old House, stresses the importance of water leak detection: “Whatever one you pick, good. Just get one, just get one because it’s really a great saver and the insurance companies love it because water damage is one of the biggest issues in a house.”

Additional Security Features

To enhance your home’s security, consider adding these components to your system:

Security Cameras

Wireless security cameras allow you to monitor your property remotely. When installing cameras, keep these tips in mind:

• Place them at entry points and high-traffic areas.
• Give them a clear view of the desired area.
• Connect them to your home’s Wi-Fi network for remote access.

Pro Tip: Before mounting any wireless camera, check your Wi-Fi signal strength at that exact location. As demonstrated on a This Old House project, you should take your phone out, open a speed test app, and check the signal right where you plan to install the device. A connection speed of two or three megabytes per second is not going to cut it—you’ll need something much higher than that to get reliable video streaming from your cameras.

Smart Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors

Many DIY security systems offer smart smoke and carbon monoxide detectors that integrate with the main system. These devices help alert you to fire and gas leaks.

Smart Door Locks

You can control smart door locks remotely and integrate them with your security system. They offer keyless entry options and can be programmed to lock automatically when you arm your system.

Smart Home Integration

Integrating your security system with other smart home devices can increase convenience and security. Consider integrating the following features.

Smart Lights

You can program smart lights to turn on and off at certain times or in response to specific actions. Here are some examples of ways you can use smart lights:

• Program lights to turn on when motion is detected.
• Program lights to turn on with certain voice commands.
• Schedule lights to turn on when you’re away to simulate occupancy.
• Sync lights to the sun, using cooler colors during the day and warmer ones in the evening.

Pro Tip: Ross, a This Old House electrician, recommends smart switches over smart bulbs for most homeowners: “What I typically recommend for most people is upgrading their existing switches to a smart switch. It gives you on-off local control, dimming capability. It works with your app or smart speaker to control it for a schedule.” He notes that smart switches work with just about any light bulb on the market, though you’ll need an electrician since you’re dealing with power wiring. If you’d rather skip the wiring, a smart bulb is a super DIY-friendly alternative with built-in Wi-Fi that works with your phone.

Smart Garage Door Openers

Integrating a smart garage door opener with your security system allows you to monitor and control your garage door remotely. You can program it to close when you arm your security system and receive alerts when the door is left open.

Maintaining Your DIY Security System

To keep your security system functioning at its best, follow these maintenance steps:

• Clean camera lenses and sensors periodically to maintain performance.
• Regularly check and replace batteries in wireless components.
• Test the system monthly to make sure all components are working correctly.
• Update the system’s software when prompted.