Ross Trethewey discusses low level carbon monoxide and some of the dangers associated with exposure over a long period of time. Low levels of carbon monoxide read at or under 30 parts per million. In addition to the required UL standard CO and smoke detectors, Ross suggests having a low-level CO monitor.
What is Carbon Monoxide?
Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas produced by burning fossil fields such as wood, gas, or oil. The devices in a home responsible for producing carbon monoxide are furnaces, water heaters, boilers, fireplaces, wood stoves, and more. Generally speaking, these devices vent their exhausts outside, keeping the home safe from carbon monoxide.
But carbon monoxide is odorless and tasteless, so it can be tough to detect.
What makes carbon monoxide especially dangerous is how it interacts with your blood. CO bonds with hemoglobin to produce carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), which binds to oxygen 200 times more tightly than regular hemoglobin, slowly suffocating your cells. Because the brain regulates breathing rates based on carbon dioxide levels—not the body’s need for oxygen—poisoning victims may complain of headache, fatigue, or nausea but never receive a clear warning from their bodies to walk away from a potentially deadly situation.
What Happens When Carbon Monoxide is Present?
Carbon monoxide is hazardous, but its effects aren’t typically felt all at once. When it’s present, carbon monoxide will make its way into a person’s bloodstream, where the person’s red blood cells will go after the carbon monoxide instead of oxygen.
The results can be nausea, headaches, fatigue, and eventually death.
But, to ensure that homes are safe, most homeowners install carbon monoxide monitors that detect and alert the residents to the presence of carbon monoxide—to a point. They don’t always alert. They have thresholds they have to hit, which often means that carbon monoxide must be present at certain levels for certain amounts of time. When it comes to standard monitors, this could be 70 parts per million for 4 hours.
Anything below 70 parts per million for four hours won’t trigger the alarm, even though those levels are not healthy. Studies have shown that infants, pregnant or immunocompromised individuals, the elderly, and otherwise unhealthy people should not be exposed to those levels.
Expert Insight: Edward P. Krenzelok, director of the Pittsburgh Poison Center and president of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, has noted the challenge of understanding individual sensitivity to carbon monoxide: “Who knows what everybody’s individual threshold is? The one thing you can say is, you don’t need carbon monoxide in your body.”
The dangers of low-level exposure are more than theoretical. As This Old House Magazine reported, homeowner Kristi Gubbels had been suffering from daily headaches for weeks before installing a carbon monoxide detector. “They were right-between-the-eyes things,” she recalled. “By eleven or twelve o’clock every day, they were just atrocious.” After her detector finally alarmed and she received pure oxygen treatment at the hospital, she said, “it was the best I’d felt in a long time. I was a whole new person.” Her experience illustrates how low-level carbon monoxide exposure can silently erode health long before standard alarms are triggered.
Low-Level Carbon Monoxide Monitors
To ensure that carbon monoxide is detected, many homeowners opt for low-level carbon monoxide monitors. These devices detect much lower levels of carbon monoxide than standard monitors and display the amount of carbon monoxide present. Depending on the manufacturer, they’ll alert at certain levels so residents are aware of the problem before it’s dangerous.
Pro Tip: As This Old House Magazine has reported, any reading above 30 parts per million on a display-equipped CO monitor merits investigation — even before it reaches alarm-tripping concentrations. Units that display the highest recorded level of CO not only alert you to a problem that needs fixing but also help emergency personnel determine the appropriate type of treatment if a poisoning has occurred.
So, even if the levels are too low for a standard CO detector to alarm, a low-level detector can alert before levels become dangerous.
Zero PPM is Best
Carbon monoxide is not a good thing, so it’s best to keep the levels in our homes at zero. Place a low-level carbon monoxide detector on each floor, in bedrooms, and around fuel-burning appliances for safety.
Ross Trethewey discusses low-level carbon monoxide and some of the dangers associated with exposure over a long period of time. Low levels of carbon monoxide read at or under 30 parts per million. In addition to the required UL standard CO and smoke detectors, Ross suggests having a low-level CO monitor.
Resources
There are a variety of low-level CO monitors available online. Defender LL 6170 manufactured by Defender, and CO EXPERTS Home Safety PRO-10 manufactured by CO EXPERTS.
